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White Dwarfs Eat More Planetary Debris Than Thought, But Magnetic Fields Hide It Planetary debris disks around white dwarfs appear to be more plentiful than thought. That’s because some white dwarfs are magnetic, and those magnetic fields create patches of metallic debris near the stars’ poles, where it’s more difficult to detect. This leads to an underestimation of debris, something new research is trying to correct. Universe Today Go to SourceRead More →

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Probing Binary Stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud with the JWST Astronomers want to know how universal the initial mass fraction (IMF) of galaxies is. To do they that, they need to discern binary stars in other galaxies, a difficult task. Researchers used the JWST to study the Small Magellanic Cloud and determine how many binary stars are there, since they can confuse measurements of the IMF. Universe Today Go to SourceRead More →

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ESCAPADE Images Earth and Moon From Its Temporary Home Sometimes, you have embark on a journey to appreciate home. The Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers (ESCAPADE) mission recently gave us just such a view of our homeworld and our large natural satellite, as seen from the spacecrafts’ temporary orbit around the Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point. Universe Today Go to SourceRead More →

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Simulation of combined radio and radar signals at the Radar Echo Telescope for Cosmic Rays K. Nivedita, I. Loudon, J. Loonen, P. Allison, J. J. Beatty, D. Z. Besson, A. Connolly, A. Cummings, C. Deaconu, S. de Kockere, K. D. de Vries, I. Esteban, D. Frikken, C. Hast, E. Huesca Santiago, C. -Y. Kuo, A. Kyriacou, U. A. Latif, V. Lukic, C. McLennan, K. Mulrey, J. Nam, S. Prohira, J. P. Ralston, M. F. H. Seikh, N. Shahid, R. S. Stanley, J. Stoffels, S. Toscano, D. van den Broeck, N. van Eijndhoven, S. Wissel arXiv:2607.24955v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: To explore neutrino astronomy at highRead More →

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Shape Shifting Light Dark Matter Solitons Dor Ben-Amotz arXiv:2506.01282v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Dark matter consisting of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of ultralight particles forms solitons whose cored shape becomes increasingly cusped under the influence of a central point mass, such as a supermassive black hole. Here we present a unified analytic description of the resulting shape changes as a function of soliton mass fraction, spanning the hydrogenic to self-gravitating soliton limits. Solutions of the Schr”{o}dinger-Poisson equation are expressed as a sum of five Gaussians with numerically optimised coefficients, yielding closed-form expressions for soliton shape-dependent properties. Moreover, new mass-fraction-dependent scaling relations are used to approximateRead More →

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Reaching the Metallicity Floor at $zsim 10$: Lensed Star Clusters at Cosmic Dawn and Cosmic Noon Raul Jimenez, Elena Tomasetti, Carmela Lardo, Licia Verde arXiv:2607.24952v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Origins of globular clusters (GCs) are linked to the assembly of their host galaxies. We analyze star-cluster populations in two strongly lensed systems that bracket Cosmic Dawn and Cosmic Noon: the Cosmic Gems arc (GEMS) at z=9.625, among the first galaxies, and the Sparkler at z=1.378. New STARRED deconvolution photometry of GEMS provides SEDs for ten unique, doubly imaged cluster candidates, while a homogeneous Bayesian analysis places both populations on a common cosmological timeline. The GEMSRead More →

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In: arXiv

Geometry resolved atomic oxygen risk assessment for very low earth orbit spacecraft Gun Hi Won, Hyun Jung Kim, SongYi Park, ChangWon Seo, Eunji Lee, SeongSik Yoon arXiv:2607.25525v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Atomic oxygen (AO) is a major durability concern for spacecraft in very low Earth orbit (VLEO), yet orbit-averaged fluence does not resolve exposure on individual surfaces and internal components. This study develops a geometry-resolved AO assessment by coupling NRLMSISE-00, HWM07, and SYSTEMA ATOMOX. One-year simulations were performed for a 350 km circular Sun-synchronous orbit at LTAN 06:00 and 12:00 using a baseline spacecraft, a wedge-modified body, and two synthetic aperture radar antenna sub-arrays. TheRead More →

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Gravitational Wave Modeling of White-Dwarf–Compact-Object Binaries and Observational Outlook Tristan S. Weaver (The Pennsylvania State University), David Radice (The Pennsylvania State University), Donghui Jeong (The Pennsylvania State University, Korea Institute for Advanced Study), Victor Liu (The Pennsylvania State University) arXiv:2607.24951v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We investigate the end stages of circular white-dwarf–compact-object binaries by developing a novel integrator implementing mass transfer and 2.5-order Post-Newtonian kinematics. White-dwarf–compact-object binaries are subject to two phases: a slow inspiral during which binary evolution is dominated by weak-gravity radiation reaction and a quicker “outspiral” dominated by mass transfer. These systems have unique gravitational waveforms with several characteristic features including anRead More →

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Probing long-range $L_e-L_mu$ forces with supernova neutronization burst neutrinos Amol Dighe, Sadashiv Sahoo, Manibrata Sen arXiv:2607.24918v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Ultralight gauge bosons associated with flavour-dependent leptonic symmetries generate long-range potentials that can modify neutrino flavour evolution over astrophysical distances. We investigate the sensitivity of neutronization-burst neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae for such interactions in the anomaly-free $U(1)’_{L_e-L_mu}$ framework. Incorporating the long-range potential into supernova neutrino oscillations, we simulate the corresponding signal in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) using a realistic detector response of its 40 kt Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber. We show that in the range where the long-range potential dominates over orRead More →

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In: arXiv

A Test of FeH Line Parameters using DR19 APOGEE spectra of Benchmark M Dwarfs Anderson Silva-Andrade, Diogo Souto, Katia Cunha, Verne V. Smith, Carlos Allende Prieto, Ricardo P. Schiavon, Ver’onica Loaiza-Tacuri, Aida Behmard, Dmitry Bizyaev, Ilija Medan, Dan Qiu, B’arbara Rojas-Ayala arXiv:2607.24948v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent studies have suggested a mismatch of up to 0.20 dex between iron abundances derived from Fe I and FeH lines in the H-band spectra of M dwarfs, and in this work we investigate the nature of this possible offset. We analyze near-infrared H-band APOGEE spectra of stars in 18 binaries composed of a G-dwarf primary and an M-dwarfRead More →

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In: arXiv

Long-Slit Spectroscopy Of Herbig-Haro Outflow System, Associated With IRAS 01166+6635 T. A. Movsessian, T. Yu. Magakian, A. V. Moiseev arXiv:2607.26033v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present long-slit spectroscopic observations of the outflow associated with an infrared source IRAS 01166+6635, conducted with the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory using the SCORPIO-2 focal reducer. The structure of the flow as investigated in detail, its position-velocity diagrams are constructed. The electron densities of the several knots in the outflow were estimated, revealing a decrease in its density with increasing distance from the driving source.arXiv:2607.26033v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present long-slit spectroscopic observations of the outflowRead More →

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In: arXiv

Investigating the Observational Progenitor Mass Gap in the White Dwarf Initial-Final Mass Relation. I. Cluster Census and Characterization of the First White Dwarfs in the Gap David R. Miller, Jeremy Heyl, Pier-Emmanuel Tremblay arXiv:2607.24941v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In recent years, Gaia has been the primary driver of the expansion of the white dwarf (WD) initial-final mass relation (IFMR) in open clusters. The increased sample size has highlighted a pronounced observational gap at progenitor masses of $simeq2$–$2.7,M_odot$, with no spectroscopically confirmed cluster-member WDs in this range. Analysis of the Milky Way open cluster census shows that this absence is primarily driven by the scarcity ofRead More →

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In: arXiv

Designing a low-loss high reflectivity mirror for gravitational waves detectors by combining a dielectric metasurface and a multilayer stack Edith Hartmann, Michel Lequime, Jerome Degallaix, Michael T. Hartman, Paul Rouquette, Claude Amra, Myriam Zerrad arXiv:2603.16656v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The design of low-mechanical-loss, high reflectivity mirrors is crucial in the development of the next generation of gravitational-wave observatories. Currently, the amorphous multilayer reflective coatings which are deposited at the surface of the test masses in interferometric gravitational-wave detectors present a major limiting factor in detector sensitivity due to their thermal noise. These coatings require a large number of thin layers to achieve ultra-high reflectivity. However,Read More →

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EFT-Ramses: a code to simulate the effective field theory of dark energy Nathaniel Ota Woodcock, Sownak Bose, Yunhao Gao, Baojiu Li arXiv:2607.24940v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While the standard $Lambda$CDM paradigm is in excellent agreement with most current cosmological observations, theoretical challenges surrounding the cosmological constant ($Lambda$) have strongly motivated the exploration of dynamical dark energy (DE) and modified gravity (MG) models. Investigating the physical nature of the cosmic acceleration requires N-body simulations to probe the non-linear growth of cosmic structure and prepare for the high-precision data from Stage-IV surveys. In this paper, we present EFT-RAMSES, a comprehensive extension of the ECOSMOG cosmological simulation codeRead More →

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In: arXiv

Using Cosmic Rays to Predict the Weather: Meteorological Data Assimilation of Atmospheric Muon Flux Data William Luszczak, Man-Yau Chan arXiv:2509.04627v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Numerical weather prediction requires initial estimates of the atmospheric state. Since the atmospheric density field is intricately woven into the atmosphere’s governing equations, advancing atmospheric density estimation will improve numerical weather prediction. However, current meteorological instrumentation cannot directly measure the atmospheric density field over large volumes. Existing techniques rely on sparse point measurements, limiting our ability to accurately estimate the three-dimensional atmospheric density field. One potential solution is to employ measurements of the atmospheric muon flux. Atmospheric muons are particles producedRead More →

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Primordial Physics in the Nonlinear Universe: Revealing the oscillating halo bias from cosmological collider models Dhayaa Anbajagane, Neal Dalal arXiv:2607.24939v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The initial conditions of our Universe contain a wealth of information about the particle physics of very high energies. One such class of signatures, called cosmological colliders, generates oscillations in the three-point correlations (or bispectra) of the primordial density field, and these imprint scale-dependent oscillations in the halo bias. We develop a new method for simulating cosmological collider models that foregoes traditional template-based basis-decomposition methods and can reproduce the scale-dependent signals of the input template at percent-level accuracy. Using this method,Read More →

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Using Scattered Near-Infrared Light to Map Water Ice in Prestellar Cores with SPHEREx Tamojeet Roychowdhury, Jennifer B. Bergner, Jens Kauffmann, Thushara G. S. Pillai, Silvia Spezzano arXiv:2607.24934v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present the first coreshine-derived, spatially-resolved maps of the 3 $mu$m H$_2$O ice absorption feature in four prestellar cores, using SPHEREx spectra. Ices are a key component of dense cores in molecular clouds, playing a central role in the chemistry of planet formation around young stars. However, spatially resolved abundance studies remain limited, typically relying on unevenly distributed background star sightlines. Here, we take advantage of the all-sky spectrophotometric capabilities of SPHEREx to constructRead More →

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In: arXiv

Cosmological Constraints on Neutrino Masses in Quintessential Inflation Jamerson Rodrigues, Gabriel Rodrigues, Felipe B. M. dos Santos, Simony Santos da Costa, Jailson Alcaniz arXiv:2602.20349v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Quintessential inflation provides a unified description of the early and late accelerated phases of the Universe, linking the inflationary epoch to the present-day dark energy-dominated era through a single scalar degree of freedom. In this work, we explore the implications of this unification for cosmological constraints on the sum of neutrino masses. Focusing on the $alpha$-attractor scenario, we implement the model in a modified version of the Boltzmann solver CLASS to compute the relevant cosmological observables andRead More →

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In: arXiv

Cosmological evolution with decaying dark matter: an integral-equation approach Nanoom Lee, Anna Bencke, Marc Kamionkowski, Jos’e Luis Bernal arXiv:2607.24910v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present CLASSIER-DDM, an extension of the Boltzmann solver CLASSIER that implements the decaying dark matter (DDM) model via its integral-equation approach. The code handles generic two-body decays of a dark matter particle into two lighter decay products with arbitrary masses, naturally encompassing both massless (dark radiation) and massive (warm) decay products, with their perturbations evaluated via integral equations solved iteratively. We describe the numerical implementation in detail, including the background evolution, the iterative perturbation evolution, and a small-scale analytic approximation. ARead More →

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In: arXiv

Vigorous turbulence driven by quasar-mode feedback in a cluster core Satoshi Yamada, Shutaro Ueda, Hirofumi Noda, Yutaka Fujita, Misaki Mizumoto, Kentaro Nagamine, Claudio Ricci, Shoji Ogawa, Taiki Kawamuro, Shinya Yamada, Yuichi Terashima, Yoshihiro Ueda arXiv:2607.24911v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quasars are among the most luminous objects. They are powered by accretion onto supermassive black holes. They are thought to impact cosmological evolution primarily through energetic winds, known as quasar-mode feedback, yet the efficiency and spatial extent of this process remain poorly constrained. Here we present X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) observations of H1821+643—the nearest galaxy cluster with a central quasar (redshift z = 0.297)—whichRead More →