The Future Of The Arecibo Observatory: The Next Generation Arecibo Telescope. (arXiv:2103.01367v2 [astro-ph.IM] UPDATED)

The Future Of The Arecibo Observatory: The Next Generation Arecibo Telescope. (arXiv:2103.01367v2 [astro-ph.IM] UPDATED)
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The Arecibo Observatory (AO) is a multidisciplinary research and education
facility that is recognized worldwide as a leading facility in astronomy,
planetary, and atmospheric and space sciences. AO’s cornerstone research
instrument was the 305-m William E. Gordon telescope. On December 1, 2020, the
305-m telescope collapsed and was irreparably damaged. In the three weeks
following the collapse, AO’s scientific and engineering staff and the AO users
community initiated extensive discussions on the future of the observatory. The
community is in overwhelming agreement that there is a need to build an
enhanced, next-generation radar-radio telescope at the AO site. From these
discussions, we established the set of science requirements the new facility
should enable. These requirements can be summarized briefly as: 5 MW of
continuous wave transmitter power at 2 – 6 GHz, 10 MW of peak transmitter power
at 430 MHz (also at 220MHz under consideration), zenith angle coverage 0 to 48
deg, frequency coverage 0.2 to 30 GHz and increased Field-of-View. These
requirements determine the unique specifications of the proposed new
instrument. The telescope design concept we suggest consists of a compact array
of fixed dishes on a tiltable, plate-like structure with a collecting area
equivalent to a 300m dish. This concept, referred to as the Next Generation
Arecibo Telescope (NGAT), meets all of the desired specifications and provides
significant new science capabilities to all three research groups at AO. This
whitepaper presents a sample of the wide variety of the science that can be
achieved with the NGAT, the details of the telescope design concept and the
need for the new telescope to be located at the AO site. We also discuss other
AO science activities that interlock with the NGAT in the white paper.

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