Generalized split monopole magnetospheres: the effects of current sheets. (arXiv:2012.14989v2 [astro-ph.HE] UPDATED)
<a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Li_H/0/1/0/all/0/1">Huiquan Li</a>, <a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Wang_J/0/1/0/all/0/1">Jiancheng Wang</a>
We show that energy should be dissipated or extracted in the current sheet
(CS) of a split magnetosphere deviating from the Michel split monopole, with
the CS heating up or cooling down. But the electromagnetic energy remains
unchanged everywhere. Based on the de-centered monopole solution generated by
symmetry in flat spacetime, we construct two generalized split monopole
configurations, in which the field lines intersect with the CS at arbitrary
angles. One configuration resembles the outer geometry of the so-called “new
pulsar magnetosphere model”, for which up to $47%$ of the spin down energy is
transferred to the Joule heating process in the CS. In the other configuration,
we observe that negative energy is dissipated in the CS, which is usually
observed in magnetospheres on rotating black holes. This means that energy is
extracted simultaneously from the central star and the CS to power the output
Poynting flux at infinity. We interpret the extraction of energy from the CS as
that thermal energy of charged particles in the CS is transferred to the
ordered kinetic energy of these particles drifting in the force-free (FF)
electromagnetic fields. Hence, the CS is like an “air conditioner” in the sky,
which can heat up or cool down, depending on the configurations.
We show that energy should be dissipated or extracted in the current sheet
(CS) of a split magnetosphere deviating from the Michel split monopole, with
the CS heating up or cooling down. But the electromagnetic energy remains
unchanged everywhere. Based on the de-centered monopole solution generated by
symmetry in flat spacetime, we construct two generalized split monopole
configurations, in which the field lines intersect with the CS at arbitrary
angles. One configuration resembles the outer geometry of the so-called “new
pulsar magnetosphere model”, for which up to $47%$ of the spin down energy is
transferred to the Joule heating process in the CS. In the other configuration,
we observe that negative energy is dissipated in the CS, which is usually
observed in magnetospheres on rotating black holes. This means that energy is
extracted simultaneously from the central star and the CS to power the output
Poynting flux at infinity. We interpret the extraction of energy from the CS as
that thermal energy of charged particles in the CS is transferred to the
ordered kinetic energy of these particles drifting in the force-free (FF)
electromagnetic fields. Hence, the CS is like an “air conditioner” in the sky,
which can heat up or cool down, depending on the configurations.
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