Discovery and analysis of low surface brightness galaxies in the environment of NGC 1052. (arXiv:2110.09527v1 [astro-ph.GA])
<a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Roman_J/0/1/0/all/0/1">Javier Román</a>, <a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Castilla_A/0/1/0/all/0/1">Aida Castilla</a>, <a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Pascual_Granado_J/0/1/0/all/0/1">Javier Pascual-Granado</a>
The environment of NGC1052 has recently attracted much attention due to the
presence of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) with claimed exotic
properties, making the detection of new objects in this region of high
interest. We have used public deep photometric data from DECaLS to carry out a
comprehensive search for LSBGs over a wide region of 6×6 degrees, equivalent to
2×2 Mpc at the distance of NGC1052. We detected 42 LSBGs with r_e > 5″ and
mu_g(0) > 24 mag arcsec-2, of which 20 are previously undetected objects. Among
all the newly detected objects, RCP32 stands out with extreme properties: r_e =
23.0″ and <mu_g>_e = 28.6 mag arcsec-2. This makes RCP32 one of the lowest
LSBGs ever detected through integrated photometry, located at just 10 arcmin
from the extensively studied NGC1052-DF2. We explored the presence of globular
clusters (GCs) in the LSBGs. We marginally detected a GC system in RCP32, and
argue the great interest of follow-up observations on RCP32 given its extremely
low baryon density. After analyzing the distribution of galaxies with available
spectroscopy, we identified a large-scale structure of approximately 1 Mpc,
well isolated in redshift-space, centred on NGC1052. The spatial correlation
analysis between the LSBGs and this large-scale structure suggests their
association. However, when exploring the distribution of effective radius we
found an overpopulation of large LSBGs (r_e > 15″) located close to the line of
sight of NGC1052. We argue that this is suggestive of a substructure with
similar radial velocity in sight projection, but at a closer distance, to which
some of these apparently larger LSBGs could be associated, however possible
effects derived from tidal interactions are worth further study. Our work
expands the catalogue of LSBGs with new interesting objects and provides a
detailed environmental context for the study of LSBGs in this region.
The environment of NGC1052 has recently attracted much attention due to the
presence of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) with claimed exotic
properties, making the detection of new objects in this region of high
interest. We have used public deep photometric data from DECaLS to carry out a
comprehensive search for LSBGs over a wide region of 6×6 degrees, equivalent to
2×2 Mpc at the distance of NGC1052. We detected 42 LSBGs with r_e > 5″ and
mu_g(0) > 24 mag arcsec-2, of which 20 are previously undetected objects. Among
all the newly detected objects, RCP32 stands out with extreme properties: r_e =
23.0″ and <mu_g>_e = 28.6 mag arcsec-2. This makes RCP32 one of the lowest
LSBGs ever detected through integrated photometry, located at just 10 arcmin
from the extensively studied NGC1052-DF2. We explored the presence of globular
clusters (GCs) in the LSBGs. We marginally detected a GC system in RCP32, and
argue the great interest of follow-up observations on RCP32 given its extremely
low baryon density. After analyzing the distribution of galaxies with available
spectroscopy, we identified a large-scale structure of approximately 1 Mpc,
well isolated in redshift-space, centred on NGC1052. The spatial correlation
analysis between the LSBGs and this large-scale structure suggests their
association. However, when exploring the distribution of effective radius we
found an overpopulation of large LSBGs (r_e > 15″) located close to the line of
sight of NGC1052. We argue that this is suggestive of a substructure with
similar radial velocity in sight projection, but at a closer distance, to which
some of these apparently larger LSBGs could be associated, however possible
effects derived from tidal interactions are worth further study. Our work
expands the catalogue of LSBGs with new interesting objects and provides a
detailed environmental context for the study of LSBGs in this region.
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