Diquark Formation from Nucleon-Nucleon Interactions I: Nuclear Matter. (arXiv:2009.06968v2 [hep-ph] UPDATED)
<a href="http://arxiv.org/find/hep-ph/1/au:+West_J/0/1/0/all/0/1">Jennifer Rittenhouse West</a>
Diquarks formed from two valence quarks across a nucleon-nucleon pair are
predicted to affect physical phenomena on vastly different scales, from nuclei
to neutron stars. On nuclear distance scales, diquark formation is proposed as
the underlying cause for nucleon structure function distorting interactions in
all nuclei including the $rm A=2$ deuteron. Diquarks in this model form in the
attractive $rm bar{3}_C$ channel of $rm SU(3)_C$ acting on the valence
quarks of overlapping nucleons, creating a short-range correlation between
nucleon pairs. The most energetically favorable diquark configuration is a
valence $u$ quark from one nucleon with a valence $d$ quark from the other in a
spin-0 state bound together via single gluon exchange. Diquarks carry color
charge and may be the quantum chromodynamic (QCD) equivalent of $rm U(1)_{rm
EM}$ Cooper pairs, potentially breaking $rm SU(3)_C$ for the duration of the
diquark bond, a process that may also be relevant in the cores of neutron
stars. Formation of a new scalar isospin singlet $[ud]$ diquark between
overlapping nucleons is proposed as the primary QCD-level theoretical
foundation for short-range nucleon-nucleon correlation models of distorted
structure functions in $rm Ageq 3$ nuclei. Contributions from the higher mass
spin-1 isospin triplet states $(ud)$, $(uu)$ and $(dd)$ are possible, with the
spin-1 $(ud)$ diquark acting as a structure function distortion mechanism for
the spin-1 ground state deuteron. Diquark formation predictions are made for
the $rm ^3H$ and $rm ^3He$ deep inelastic scattering MARATHON experiment.
Diquarks formed from two valence quarks across a nucleon-nucleon pair are
predicted to affect physical phenomena on vastly different scales, from nuclei
to neutron stars. On nuclear distance scales, diquark formation is proposed as
the underlying cause for nucleon structure function distorting interactions in
all nuclei including the $rm A=2$ deuteron. Diquarks in this model form in the
attractive $rm bar{3}_C$ channel of $rm SU(3)_C$ acting on the valence
quarks of overlapping nucleons, creating a short-range correlation between
nucleon pairs. The most energetically favorable diquark configuration is a
valence $u$ quark from one nucleon with a valence $d$ quark from the other in a
spin-0 state bound together via single gluon exchange. Diquarks carry color
charge and may be the quantum chromodynamic (QCD) equivalent of $rm U(1)_{rm
EM}$ Cooper pairs, potentially breaking $rm SU(3)_C$ for the duration of the
diquark bond, a process that may also be relevant in the cores of neutron
stars. Formation of a new scalar isospin singlet $[ud]$ diquark between
overlapping nucleons is proposed as the primary QCD-level theoretical
foundation for short-range nucleon-nucleon correlation models of distorted
structure functions in $rm Ageq 3$ nuclei. Contributions from the higher mass
spin-1 isospin triplet states $(ud)$, $(uu)$ and $(dd)$ are possible, with the
spin-1 $(ud)$ diquark acting as a structure function distortion mechanism for
the spin-1 ground state deuteron. Diquark formation predictions are made for
the $rm ^3H$ and $rm ^3He$ deep inelastic scattering MARATHON experiment.
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