A Comprehensive Theory for Neutron Star and Black Hole Kicks and Induced Spins. (arXiv:2311.12109v1 [astro-ph.HE])
<a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Burrows_A/0/1/0/all/0/1">Adam Burrows</a>, <a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Wang_T/0/1/0/all/0/1">Tianshu Wang</a>, <a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Vartanyan_D/0/1/0/all/0/1">David Vartanyan</a>, <a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Coleman_M/0/1/0/all/0/1">Matthew S.B. Coleman</a>
Using twenty long-term 3D core-collapse supernova simulations, we find that
lower compactness progenitors that explode quasi-spherically due to the short
delay to explosion experience smaller neutron star recoil kicks in the
$sim$100$-$200 km s$^{-1}$ range, while higher compactness progenitors that
explode later and more aspherically leave neutron stars with kicks in the
$sim$300$-$1000 km s$^{-1}$ range. In addition, we find that these two classes
are correlated with the gravitational mass of the neutron star. This
correlation suggests that the survival of binary neutron star systems may in
part be due to their lower kick speeds. We also find a correlation of the kick
with both the mass dipole of the ejecta and the explosion energy. Furthermore,
one channel of black hole birth leaves masses of $sim$10 $M_{odot}$, is not
accompanied by a neutrino-driven explosion, and experiences small kicks. A
second is through a vigorous explosion that leaves behind a black hole with a
mass of $sim$3.0 $M_{odot}$ kicked to high speeds. We find that the induced
spins of nascent neutron stars range from seconds to $sim$10 milliseconds and
that a spin/kick correlation for pulsars emerges naturally. We suggest that if
an initial spin biases the explosion direction, a spin/kick correlation is a
common byproduct of the neutrino mechanism of core-collapse supernovae.
Finally, the induced spin in explosive black hole formation is likely large and
in the collapsar range. This new 3D model suite provides a greatly expanded
perspective and appears to explain some observed pulsar properties by default.
Using twenty long-term 3D core-collapse supernova simulations, we find that
lower compactness progenitors that explode quasi-spherically due to the short
delay to explosion experience smaller neutron star recoil kicks in the
$sim$100$-$200 km s$^{-1}$ range, while higher compactness progenitors that
explode later and more aspherically leave neutron stars with kicks in the
$sim$300$-$1000 km s$^{-1}$ range. In addition, we find that these two classes
are correlated with the gravitational mass of the neutron star. This
correlation suggests that the survival of binary neutron star systems may in
part be due to their lower kick speeds. We also find a correlation of the kick
with both the mass dipole of the ejecta and the explosion energy. Furthermore,
one channel of black hole birth leaves masses of $sim$10 $M_{odot}$, is not
accompanied by a neutrino-driven explosion, and experiences small kicks. A
second is through a vigorous explosion that leaves behind a black hole with a
mass of $sim$3.0 $M_{odot}$ kicked to high speeds. We find that the induced
spins of nascent neutron stars range from seconds to $sim$10 milliseconds and
that a spin/kick correlation for pulsars emerges naturally. We suggest that if
an initial spin biases the explosion direction, a spin/kick correlation is a
common byproduct of the neutrino mechanism of core-collapse supernovae.
Finally, the induced spin in explosive black hole formation is likely large and
in the collapsar range. This new 3D model suite provides a greatly expanded
perspective and appears to explain some observed pulsar properties by default.
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