Improved early warning of compact binary mergers using higher modes of gravitational radiation: A population study. (arXiv:2010.12407v2 [astro-ph.HE] UPDATED)

Improved early warning of compact binary mergers using higher modes of gravitational radiation: A population study. (arXiv:2010.12407v2 [astro-ph.HE] UPDATED)
<a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Singh_M/0/1/0/all/0/1">Mukesh Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Kapadia_S/0/1/0/all/0/1">Shasvath J. Kapadia</a>, <a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Shaikh_M/0/1/0/all/0/1">Md Arif Shaikh</a>, <a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Chatterjee_D/0/1/0/all/0/1">Deep Chatterjee</a>, <a href="http://arxiv.org/find/astro-ph/1/au:+Ajith_P/0/1/0/all/0/1">Parameswaran Ajith</a>

A gravitational-wave (GW) early-warning of a compact-binary coalescence
event, with a sufficiently tight localisation skymap, would allow telescopes to
point in the direction of the potential electromagnetic counterpart before its
onset. This will enable astronomers to extract valuable information of the
complex astrophysical phenomena triggered around the time of the merger. Use of
higher-modes of gravitational radiation, in addition to the dominant mode
typically used in templated real-time searches, was recently shown to produce
significant improvements in early-warning times and skyarea localisations for a
range of asymmetric-mass binaries. In this work, we perform a large-scale study
to assess the benefits of this method for a population of compact binary merger
observations. In particular, we inject 100,000 such signals in Gaussian noise,
with component masses $m_1 in left[1, 60 right] M_{odot}$ and $m_2 in
left [1, 3 right] M_{odot}$. We consider three scenarios involving
ground-based detectors: the fifth (O5) observing run of the Advanced
LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network, its projected Voyager upgrade, as well as a proposed
third generation (3G) network. We find that for fixed early warning times of
$20-60$ seconds, the inclusion of the higher modes can provide localisation
improvements of a factor of $gtrsim 2$ for up to $sim 60%$ ($70 %$) of the
neutron star-black hole systems in the O5 (Voyager) scenario. Considering only
those neutron star-black hole systems which can produce potential
electromagnetic counterparts, such improvements in the localisation can be
expected for $sim 5-35%$ $(20-50%)$ binaries in O5 (Voyager), although the
localisation areas themselves depend on the distances. For the 3G scenario, a
significant fraction of the events have time gains of a minute to several
minutes, assuming fiducial target localisation areas of 100 to 1000 sq. deg.

A gravitational-wave (GW) early-warning of a compact-binary coalescence
event, with a sufficiently tight localisation skymap, would allow telescopes to
point in the direction of the potential electromagnetic counterpart before its
onset. This will enable astronomers to extract valuable information of the
complex astrophysical phenomena triggered around the time of the merger. Use of
higher-modes of gravitational radiation, in addition to the dominant mode
typically used in templated real-time searches, was recently shown to produce
significant improvements in early-warning times and skyarea localisations for a
range of asymmetric-mass binaries. In this work, we perform a large-scale study
to assess the benefits of this method for a population of compact binary merger
observations. In particular, we inject 100,000 such signals in Gaussian noise,
with component masses $m_1 in left[1, 60 right] M_{odot}$ and $m_2 in
left [1, 3 right] M_{odot}$. We consider three scenarios involving
ground-based detectors: the fifth (O5) observing run of the Advanced
LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network, its projected Voyager upgrade, as well as a proposed
third generation (3G) network. We find that for fixed early warning times of
$20-60$ seconds, the inclusion of the higher modes can provide localisation
improvements of a factor of $gtrsim 2$ for up to $sim 60%$ ($70 %$) of the
neutron star-black hole systems in the O5 (Voyager) scenario. Considering only
those neutron star-black hole systems which can produce potential
electromagnetic counterparts, such improvements in the localisation can be
expected for $sim 5-35%$ $(20-50%)$ binaries in O5 (Voyager), although the
localisation areas themselves depend on the distances. For the 3G scenario, a
significant fraction of the events have time gains of a minute to several
minutes, assuming fiducial target localisation areas of 100 to 1000 sq. deg.

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